芸術と文化
絵画・文学・音楽・演劇など、創作と伝統の言葉。
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67 語
定義の言語：: 日本語- 1avant-gardeadjectiveformal
radically experimental and innovative (in the arts)
Describing art, music or ideas that are experimental and ahead of their time.
Her avant-garde choreography baffled the older critics but thrilled the students.
Her avant-garde choreography baffled the older critics but thrilled the students.
- 2virtuosonounformalneutral
an exceptionally skilled performer (esp. musician)
A performer, especially a musician, of extraordinary technical skill.
At only nineteen, she's already regarded as a virtuoso on the cello.
At only nineteen, she's already regarded as a virtuoso on the cello.
- 3repertoirenounformalneutral
the range of pieces an artist or company can perform
The body of works a performer or company is prepared to perform.
Baroque concertos make up a large part of the orchestra's repertoire.
Baroque concertos make up a large part of the orchestra's repertoire.
- 4ensemblenounformalneutral
a group performing together as a unit (music, theatre, dance)
A group of musicians, actors or dancers performing together.
The string ensemble played with remarkable precision and warmth.
The string ensemble played with remarkable precision and warmth.
- 5retrospectivenounformalneutral
an exhibition covering an artist's entire career
An exhibition surveying an artist's whole career.
The museum is mounting a major retrospective of her forty-year career.
The museum is mounting a major retrospective of her forty-year career.
- 6oeuvrenounformalliterary
an artist's entire body of work
The complete body of work produced by an artist or writer.
This novel stands out within her oeuvre as her most personal book.
This novel stands out within her oeuvre as her most personal book.
- 7connoisseurnounformalneutral
an expert with refined judgement in an art form
An expert judge in matters of taste, especially in the arts.
Only a true connoisseur would notice that the brushwork wasn't his.
Only a true connoisseur would notice that the brushwork wasn't his.
- 8juxtapositionnounformaltechnical
the deliberate placing of contrasting things side by side
Placing contrasting elements side by side for artistic effect.
The juxtaposition of industrial steel and soft fabric gives the sculpture its tension.
The juxtaposition of industrial steel and soft fabric gives the sculpture its tension.
- 9evocativeadjectiveformalliterary
vividly bringing feelings or memories to mind (of art, writing, music)
Bringing strong images, memories or feelings to mind.
Her prose is wonderfully evocative of a childhood by the sea.
Her prose is wonderfully evocative of a childhood by the sea.
- 10figurativeadjectivetechnicalformal
depicting recognisable forms (as opposed to abstract art)
Of visual art, representing recognisable people or objects rather than being abstract.
After years of abstraction, he returned to figurative painting.
After years of abstraction, he returned to figurative painting.
- 11motifnounformaltechnical
a recurring element or theme (in art, music or literature)
A recurring image, theme or musical idea in a work.
The rose is a recurring motif throughout the whole novel.
The rose is a recurring motif throughout the whole novel.
- 12palettenountechnicalneutral
the range of colours an artist uses
The range of colours used by an artist in a work.
His late paintings use a much darker, more muted palette.
His late paintings use a much darker, more muted palette.
- 13compositionnountechnicalformal
the arrangement of elements within an artwork
The arrangement of visual elements within a work of art.
The composition draws your eye straight to the figure in the corner.
The composition draws your eye straight to the figure in the corner.
- 14huenounliteraryformal
a particular shade or tint of colour
A colour or shade, especially in describing art.
The sky in the painting shifts from a pale gold to a deep crimson hue.
The sky in the painting shifts from a pale gold to a deep crimson hue.
- 15fresconountechnicalneutral
a wall or ceiling painting made on fresh plaster
A painting done on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling.
The chapel's fresco took the artist nearly four years to finish.
The chapel's fresco took the artist nearly four years to finish.
- 16etchingnountechnicalneutral
a print made by acid-cutting a design into a metal plate
A print made from a metal plate into which the design has been cut with acid.
He's better known for his etchings than for his oil paintings.
He's better known for his etchings than for his oil paintings.
- 17tapestrynounneutral
a woven decorative wall-hanging with a picture or pattern
A heavy woven textile with a pictorial design, often hung on a wall.
A medieval tapestry depicting a hunt covers the entire far wall.
A medieval tapestry depicting a hunt covers the entire far wall.
- 18mosaicnounneutral
a design made of small coloured tiles or glass pieces
A picture or pattern made from small pieces of coloured stone, glass or tile.
The Roman mosaic on the floor is astonishingly well preserved.
The Roman mosaic on the floor is astonishingly well preserved.
- 19librettonountechnicalformal
the words of an opera or musical work
The text or words of an opera or other long musical work.
The composer wrote the music, but a poet supplied the libretto.
The composer wrote the music, but a poet supplied the libretto.
- 20improviseverbneutral
to perform spontaneously without preparation (music, theatre)
To perform music or dialogue spontaneously, without a script or score.
Jazz musicians improvise around the basic melody every time they play it.
Jazz musicians improvise around the basic melody every time they play it.
- 21improvisationnounneutraltechnical
spontaneous, unrehearsed performance
Spontaneous, unscripted performance in music or theatre.
The whole solo was pure improvisation; he'd never played it that way before.
The whole solo was pure improvisation; he'd never played it that way before.
- 22encorenounneutral
an additional performance given after demand from the audience
An extra piece performed after the planned programme, in response to applause.
The crowd kept clapping until the band came back for an encore.
The crowd kept clapping until the band came back for an encore.
- 23overturenountechnicalformal
the orchestral opening of an opera or large musical work
An orchestral introduction to an opera, ballet or other large work.
The overture introduces all the main themes you'll hear later.
The overture introduces all the main themes you'll hear later.
- 24temponountechnicalneutral
the speed or pace of a piece of music
The speed at which a piece of music is played.
She took the second movement at a surprisingly brisk tempo.
She took the second movement at a surprisingly brisk tempo.
- 25dissonancenountechnicalformal
harsh, clashing or unresolved sound (music)
A combination of notes that sounds harsh or unresolved.
The piece is full of deliberate dissonance that never quite resolves.
The piece is full of deliberate dissonance that never quite resolves.
- 26sopranonountechnicalneutral
the highest singing voice, or a singer with it
The highest female (or boy's) singing voice, or a singer with that voice.
The lead role is written for a soprano with real power at the top.
The lead role is written for a soprano with real power at the top.
- 27batonnountechnicalneutral
the stick a conductor uses to lead musicians
The thin stick a conductor uses to direct an orchestra.
He raised his baton, and the hall fell silent.
He raised his baton, and the hall fell silent.
- 28maestronounformalneutral
a master musician or conductor (respectful term)
A distinguished conductor or master musician; a term of respect.
The orchestra rose to applaud the maestro as he entered.
The orchestra rose to applaud the maestro as he entered.
- 29protagonistnounformaltechnical
the central character of a story
The main character in a play, novel or film.
The protagonist is an ageing actor looking back on his career.
The protagonist is an ageing actor looking back on his career.
- 30antagonistnounformaltechnical
the character opposing the protagonist
The character who opposes the protagonist in a story.
The antagonist is far more interesting than the hero.
The antagonist is far more interesting than the hero.
- 31allegorynounformalliterary
a work whose surface story stands for a hidden meaning
A story or image whose characters and events symbolise deeper meanings.
The novel works as an allegory for the collapse of the empire.
The novel works as an allegory for the collapse of the empire.
- 32metaphornounformalliterary
an implied comparison treating one thing as another (literary device)
A figure of speech describing one thing as if it were another.
The whole poem rests on a single extended metaphor of the sea.
The whole poem rests on a single extended metaphor of the sea.
- 33satirenounformalliterary
the use of humour and ridicule to expose faults (in art or writing)
Art or writing that uses humour and exaggeration to criticise.
The play is a sharp satire on the art world and its egos.
The play is a sharp satire on the art world and its egos.
- 34narrativenounformaltechnical
a story or the manner in which it is told
A story or account, or the way a story is structured and told.
The film abandons a linear narrative for a series of fragments.
The film abandons a linear narrative for a series of fragments.
- 35anthologynounformalneutral
a collection of literary pieces gathered in one volume
A published collection of poems, stories or essays by various authors.
Her early stories appeared in an anthology of new writing.
Her early stories appeared in an anthology of new writing.
- 36sonnetnountechnicalliterary
a fourteen-line poem in a fixed form
A poem of fourteen lines with a fixed rhyme scheme.
He wrote a sonnet for her every year on their anniversary.
He wrote a sonnet for her every year on their anniversary.
- 37memoirnounneutralformal
a personal account of one's own life or part of it
A book recounting the author's own experiences and memories.
Her memoir of life backstage at the opera became a surprise hit.
Her memoir of life backstage at the opera became a surprise hit.
- 38prologuenounliteraryformal
an opening section that introduces a literary or dramatic work
An introductory section of a book or play that precedes the main action.
The prologue is set thirty years before the rest of the story.
The prologue is set thirty years before the rest of the story.
- 39denouementnounformalliterary
the final resolution of a story's plot
The final part of a narrative in which the plot is resolved.
The denouement ties up every loose thread a little too neatly.
The denouement ties up every loose thread a little too neatly.
- 40pseudonymnounformalneutral
a fictitious name an author writes under
A false name used by a writer instead of their real one.
She published her first three thrillers under a male pseudonym.
She published her first three thrillers under a male pseudonym.
- 41prolificadjectiveformalneutral
producing a great many works (of an artist or writer)
Producing many works; highly productive as an artist or writer.
He was extraordinarily prolific, writing nearly fifty plays.
He was extraordinarily prolific, writing nearly fifty plays.
- 42allusionnounformalliterary
an indirect or passing reference to something (literary device)
An indirect reference to another work, person or event.
The title is an allusion to a line from an old ballad.
The title is an allusion to a line from an old ballad.
- 43ironynounformalliterary
a contrast between appearance and reality, or words and meaning (literary device)
A literary or dramatic device in which meaning differs from the literal words or expectations.
The dramatic irony is that we know the letter never arrived.
The dramatic irony is that we know the letter never arrived.
- 44debutnounneutralformal
a first public performance or appearance
A performer's or work's first public appearance.
She made her debut at the opera house at just twenty-two.
She made her debut at the opera house at just twenty-two.
- 45monologuenountechnicalneutral
a long speech by a single performer
A long speech delivered by one actor.
Her closing monologue left half the audience in tears.
Her closing monologue left half the audience in tears.
- 46soliloquynountechnicalliterary
a speech revealing a character's inner thoughts while alone on stage
A speech in which a character, alone on stage, reveals their thoughts to the audience.
In his soliloquy, the prince weighs life against death.
In his soliloquy, the prince weighs life against death.
- 47understudynountechnicalneutral
a performer ready to take over a leading role if necessary
An actor who learns a role in order to replace the main performer if needed.
When the lead fell ill, her understudy went on and stole the show.
When the lead fell ill, her understudy went on and stole the show.
- 48artisannounformalneutral
a skilled maker of handcrafted goods
A skilled worker who makes things by hand, often in a traditional craft.
Local artisans still weave the cloth on wooden looms.
Local artisans still weave the cloth on wooden looms.
- 49folklorenounformalneutral
the traditional tales and customs of a people
The traditional stories, customs and beliefs of a community.
Her paintings draw heavily on the folklore of her village.
Her paintings draw heavily on the folklore of her village.
- 50ritualnounformalneutral
a formal, repeated set of actions (often ceremonial)
A set of actions performed in a fixed way, often as part of a ceremony or tradition.
The dance is part of an ancient harvest ritual.
The dance is part of an ancient harvest ritual.
- 51indigenousadjectiveformalneutral
native to and originating from a particular place or people
Belonging naturally to a place; relating to the original inhabitants of a region.
The exhibition celebrates indigenous art from across the Pacific.
The exhibition celebrates indigenous art from across the Pacific.
- 52canonnounformalliterary
the set of works regarded as authoritative or essential in a field
The body of works generally accepted as the most important in a field.
For decades her novels were left out of the literary canon.
For decades her novels were left out of the literary canon.
- 53zeitgeistnounformalliterary
the defining spirit or mood of an era
The defining spirit, mood or ideas of a particular period.
The film somehow captured the zeitgeist of the late nineties.
The film somehow captured the zeitgeist of the late nineties.
- 54kitschnouninformalpejorative
art regarded as tasteless, gaudy or overly sentimental
Art or objects considered tasteless, sentimental or excessively showy.
Some dismiss his paintings as pure kitsch, but they sell for a fortune.
Some dismiss his paintings as pure kitsch, but they sell for a fortune.
- 55behind the scenesidiomneutralcolloquial
in the hidden, unpublicised part of a production
Out of public view; relating to the unseen work that makes a performance possible.
A whole team works behind the scenes to make the festival run smoothly.
A whole team works behind the scenes to make the festival run smoothly.
- 56stand the test of timeidiomneutralcolloquial
to remain good or important over a long period
To remain valued or relevant long after being created.
Few pop songs stand the test of time the way these old ballads have.
Few pop songs stand the test of time the way these old ballads have.
- 57a labour of loveidiomneutralcolloquial
work done out of devotion, not for money
A demanding task undertaken for pleasure or devotion rather than reward.
Restoring the old theatre was a labour of love that took them a decade.
Restoring the old theatre was a labour of love that took them a decade.
- 58bustnountechnicalneutral
a sculpture of someone's head and upper chest
A sculpture of a person's head, shoulders and chest.
A marble bust of the composer stands in the foyer.
A marble bust of the composer stands in the foyer.
- 59scorenountechnicalneutral
the written notation of a musical work; also, the music composed for a film, play, or other production
The written form of a musical composition.
The conductor barely glanced at the score all evening.
The conductor barely glanced at the score all evening.
- 60crescendonountechnicalneutral
technically, a gradual increase in loudness; informally (and widely), the point of highest intensity
A gradual increase in loudness or intensity in music.
The strings build to a thunderous crescendo in the final bars.
The strings build to a thunderous crescendo in the final bars.
- 61troupenounneutral
a group of performers who work together
A company of actors, dancers or other performers who work together.
A travelling troupe performs the play in village squares all summer.
A travelling troupe performs the play in village squares all summer.
- 62intermissionnounneutral; chiefly North American (British English uses interval)
an interval between parts of a performance
A short break between parts of a play, concert or opera.
We grabbed a drink at the bar during the intermission.
We grabbed a drink at the bar during the intermission.
- 63limelightnounneutral
the centre of public attention
The focus of public attention, especially in performance contexts.
After years in the limelight, she quietly retired from the stage.
After years in the limelight, she quietly retired from the stage.
- 64backstageadverb, adjectiveneutral
in the area behind the performing stage
In or to the area behind the stage, out of the audience's view.
We went backstage after the show to congratulate the cast.
We went backstage after the show to congratulate the cast.
- 65steal the showidiominformalcolloquial
to be the most impressive part of a performance
To attract the most attention and praise in a performance, often unexpectedly.
A child actor in a tiny role completely stole the show.
A child actor in a tiny role completely stole the show.
- 66a labor of lovenoun phraseneutralAmerican English
a labor of love (American English; British: a labour of love)
American English spelling of the idiom for work done out of devotion rather than for pay.
Restoring the old theater's murals was truly a labor of love for the volunteers.
Restoring the old theater's murals was genuinely done out of devotion, not for money.
- 67intervalnounneutralBritish English
interval (British English; American: intermission)
British English word for the break between parts of a play, concert, or other performance.
We bought ice creams during the interval before the second act began.
We bought ice creams during the break before the second act began.