b2Vocabulary Pack

Abstract Concepts

Ideas, values and the vocabulary for talking about them.

69 words
English vocabulary

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69 words

Definitions in: English
Same-language deck – the back side will show definitions, and example sentences will hide the target word.
  • 1
    truthnounneutral

    Used for the quality of being true or for facts that accord with reality

    Sooner or later, the truth always comes out.

  • 2
    justicenounneutral

    Used for fairness in how people are treated and for the legal system

    The family fought for years to get justice for their son.

  • 3
    freedomnounneutral

    Used for the state of being free to act, speak, or think as one wants

    Working from home gave her the freedom to plan her own day.

  • 4
    purposenounneutral

    Used for the reason something exists or a sense of direction in life

    After retiring, he struggled to find a sense of purpose.

  • 5
    identitynounneutral

    Used for the qualities and beliefs that make a person or group who they are

    Moving abroad made her question her own identity.

  • 6
    reasonnounneutral

    Used for the human capacity for logical, rational thought (uncountable)

    He's beyond reason when he gets angry like that.

  • 7
    opinionnounneutral

    Used for a personal view or judgment not necessarily based on fact

    In my opinion, the original plan was much better.

  • 8
    beliefnounneutral

    Used for acceptance that something is true or for confidence in something

    It's my firm belief that honesty pays off in the end.

  • 9
    doubtnounneutral

    Used for a feeling of uncertainty about the truth or reliability of something

    There's no doubt in my mind that she'll succeed.

  • 10
    couragenounneutral

    Used for the ability to face danger, difficulty, or pain despite fear

    It took real courage to admit he was wrong in front of everyone.

  • 11
    patiencenounneutral

    Used for the capacity to accept delay or difficulty without getting upset

    Teaching young children requires a lot of patience.

  • 12
    wisdomnounneutral

    Used for the quality of having good judgment based on knowledge and experience

    With age comes a certain amount of wisdom.

  • 13
    honestynounneutral

    Used for the quality of being truthful and sincere

    I appreciate your honesty, even when the news is bad.

  • 14
    successnounneutral

    Used for the achievement of a desired aim or a high level of accomplishment

    The launch was a huge success, far beyond our expectations.

  • 15
    failurenounneutral

    Used for a lack of success or an unsuccessful person or thing

    He learned more from his failures than from his successes.

  • 16
    experiencenounneutral

    Used for knowledge or skill gained over time, or a particular event one lives through

    She has years of experience in marketing.

  • 17
    opportunitynounneutral

    Used for a favorable set of circumstances that makes something possible

    This job is a great opportunity to learn new skills.

  • 18
    influencenounneutral

    Used for the power to affect people, things, or events indirectly

    Her teacher had a huge influence on her career choices.

  • 19
    consequencenounneutral

    Used for a result or effect of an action or condition

    You'll have to face the consequences of your decision.

  • 20
    meaningnounneutral

    Used for the significance, purpose, or sense behind something

    She spent her life searching for the meaning of it all.

  • 21
    knowledgenounneutral

    Used for information, facts, and understanding acquired through learning

    Her knowledge of the subject is truly impressive.

  • 22
    perspectivenounneutral

    Used for a particular way of viewing or thinking about something

    Travelling really gave me a fresh perspective on life.

  • 23
    assumptionnounneutral

    Used for something accepted as true without proof

    You're making a lot of assumptions about how I feel.

  • 24
    perceptionnounneutral

    Used for the way something is understood or interpreted, or the ability to notice

    There's a public perception that politicians can't be trusted.

  • 25
    judgmentnounneutral

    Used for the ability to make sensible decisions or an opinion formed after consideration

    I trust her judgment on these matters completely.

  • 26
    insightnounneutral

    Used for a deep and accurate understanding of something

    The book offers fascinating insight into how the brain works.

  • 27
    intuitionnounneutral

    Used for the ability to understand something immediately without conscious reasoning

    My intuition told me something was wrong, and I was right.

  • 28
    principlenounneutral

    Used for a fundamental rule, belief, or moral standard guiding behavior

    She refused to lie on principle.

  • 29
    valuenounneutral

    Used in the plural for the moral principles and standards a person holds

    They raised their kids with strong family values.

  • 30
    conceptnounneutral

    Used for an abstract idea or general notion

    The concept of time is hard to explain to a small child.

  • 31
    theorynounneutral

    Used for a system of ideas explaining something, or an idea that is not yet proven

    In theory, the plan should work perfectly.

  • 32
    motivationnounneutral

    Used for the reason or desire that drives someone to act

    I just can't find the motivation to go to the gym today.

  • 33
    intentionnounneutral

    Used for an aim or plan that someone has in mind

    I had every intention of calling you back, I swear.

  • 34
    potentialnounneutral

    Used for latent qualities or abilities that may be developed in the future

    The young player has enormous potential.

  • 35
    significancenounneutral

    Used for the importance or meaning of something

    At the time, I didn't understand the significance of what she'd said.

  • 36
    relevancenounneutral

    Used for the quality of being connected or important to a matter at hand

    I don't see the relevance of that question.

  • 37
    tendencynounneutral

    Used for an inclination to behave or happen in a particular way

    He has a tendency to interrupt people when he's excited.

  • 38
    certaintynounneutral

    Used for firm conviction or a thing that is definitely true

    I can't say with any certainty when she'll arrive.

  • 39
    uncertaintynounneutral

    Used for a state of doubt or the condition of not being known

    There's a lot of uncertainty about the future of the company.

  • 40
    awarenessnounneutral

    Used for knowledge or perception of a situation or fact

    The campaign aims to raise awareness of mental health issues.

  • 41
    mindsetnounneutral

    Used for an established set of attitudes or a way of thinking

    You need a positive mindset to get through tough times.

  • 42
    attitudenounneutral

    Used for a settled way of thinking or feeling about something

    Her positive attitude makes a real difference to the team.

  • 43
    ambitionnounneutral

    Used for a strong desire to achieve something or for a particular goal

    Her lifelong ambition was to become a doctor.

  • 44
    determinationnounneutral

    Used for firmness of purpose and the resolve to keep going

    It was sheer determination that got her through medical school.

  • 45
    loyaltynounneutral

    Used for faithfulness and strong support for a person, group, or cause

    Her loyalty to her old friends never wavered.

  • 46
    tolerancenounneutral

    Used for the willingness to accept beliefs or behavior different from one's own

    A healthy society depends on tolerance of different views.

  • 47
    dignitynounneutral

    Used for the state of being worthy of honor and respect

    She faced her illness with remarkable dignity.

  • 48
    maturitynounneutral

    Used for the state of being fully developed emotionally or mentally

    She handled the criticism with surprising maturity.

  • 49
    achievementnounneutral

    Used for something accomplished, especially through effort or skill

    Winning the award was the greatest achievement of her career.

  • 50
    progressnounneutral

    Used for forward movement toward a goal or general improvement

    We're making good progress on the new project.

  • 51
    responsibilitynounneutral

    Used for a duty to deal with something or the state of being accountable

    Taking care of a pet is a big responsibility.

  • 52
    expectationnounneutral

    Used for a strong belief that something will happen or should be a certain way

    The film didn't live up to my expectations.

  • 53
    prioritynounneutral

    Used for something regarded as more important than others

    Right now, my main priority is finishing my degree.

  • 54
    traitnounneutral

    Used for a distinguishing quality or characteristic of a person

    Generosity is one of her most attractive traits.

  • 55
    circumstancenounneutral

    Used for a fact or condition connected with an event or situation (often plural)

    Under the circumstances, I think you did the right thing.

  • 56
    factornounneutral

    Used for one of the elements that contributes to a result

    Cost was the deciding factor in our choice.

  • 57
    realitynounneutral

    Used for the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to ideals or imagination

    In reality, the job was nothing like the description.

  • 58
    existencenounneutral

    Used for the fact or state of being, or a way of living

    Scientists are still searching for proof of the planet's existence.

  • 59
    willpowernounneutral

    Used for the ability to control one's impulses and stay determined

    It took a lot of willpower to give up smoking.

  • 60
    obstaclenounneutral

    Used figuratively for something that blocks progress toward a goal

    The biggest obstacle to the deal was the price.

  • 61
    setbacknounneutral

    Used for a problem that delays or reverses progress

    Losing the contract was a major setback for the company.

  • 62
    drawbacknounneutral

    Used for a disadvantage or negative aspect of something

    The main drawback of the job is the long commute.

  • 63
    competencenounneutral

    Used for the ability to do something successfully or efficiently

    No one doubts her competence as a manager.

  • 64
    sinceritynounneutral

    Used for the quality of being genuine and free from pretense

    I don't doubt the sincerity of her apology.

  • 65
    coherencenounformal

    Used for the quality of being logical, consistent, and well organized

    The essay lacks coherence and jumps from idea to idea.

  • 66
    flexibilitynounneutral

    Used figuratively for the willingness or ability to adapt to change

    This job offers a lot of flexibility in terms of hours.

  • 67
    logicnounneutral

    Used for a system of reasoning or the principles of valid inference

    I can't follow the logic of his argument at all.

  • 68
    comprehensionnounneutral

    Used for the ability or action of understanding something

    The sheer scale of the universe is beyond human comprehension.

  • 69
    judgementnounneutralBritish English

    British English spelling of 'judgment', the ability to make considered decisions; a conclusion or opinion.

    I trust her judgement on important matters.

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The hardest things to say are often the least concrete, and this pack gives you the words for them. Learn the intellectual vocabulary behind philosophy and argument – truth, justice, freedom, purpose – and the language you need to reason out loud. Aimed high, it equips you to debate ideas, build a nuanced case and put precise thought into precise words.

Other levels of Abstract Concepts

More English vocabulary at B2