기초 동사

to exist or have an identity/quality (am, is, are, was, were)

Used to identify, describe, or state a condition

to possess or own something (has, had)

Used to express possession or ownership

to be required to do something (must)

Used to express obligation or necessity

to move or travel to another place (went, gone)

Used to express movement away from the current location

to perform or carry out an action (did, done)

Used to talk about performing actions or activities

to speak words aloud (said)

Used to report spoken words

to obtain, receive, or buy (got)

Used to express receiving or obtaining something

to become (a condition or state)

Used to describe a change of state

to create, produce, or prepare something (made)

Used to talk about creating or producing something

to cause something to happen or someone to feel something

Used with a noun to describe causing a result or reaction

to have information about or be familiar with (knew, known)

Used to express awareness or familiarity with information or people

to have an opinion or use the mind to consider (thought)

Used to express an opinion or mental activity

to get hold of and move or accept (took, taken)

Used to express moving something from one place to another or accepting

to require a certain amount of time

Used to talk about how much time something needs

to move toward or arrive at a place (came, come)

Used to express movement toward the speaker or a destination

to desire or wish for something

Used to express a desire or wish

to appear or seem (appearance)

Used to describe how someone or something appears

to hand something to someone or provide (gave, given)

Used to express transferring something to another person

to employ something for a particular purpose

Used to talk about employing something for a purpose

to discover or locate something (found)

Used to express discovering or locating something

to communicate information to a person (told)

Used to express giving information to someone

to request information or help from someone

Used to request information, help, or permission

to require something or find it necessary

Used to express that something is necessary or required

to experience an emotion or physical sensation (felt)

Used to describe emotions or physical sensations

to begin to be or change into something (became)

Used to describe a change in state or condition

to go away from a place or person (left)

Used to express departing from a place

to allow something to remain in a place (not take with you)

Used to express letting something stay where it is

to place something in a particular position (put)

Used to express placing something in a position

to continue to have, hold, or do something (kept)

Used to express continuing to have or do something

to allow or permit someone to do something

Used to express allowing or permitting something

to begin doing something or begin to happen

Used to express the beginning of an action or event

to appear to be a certain way

Used to describe how something appears without being certain

to assist someone or make something easier

Used to express assisting someone with something

to let someone see something or demonstrate how (showed, shown)

Used to express making something visible or demonstrating

to perceive sound with your ears (heard)

Used to express perceiving sound

to perceive with the eyes or to understand (saw, seen)

Used to express perceiving with the eyes or understanding

to change direction or move something around

Used to express changing direction or rotating

to change position or location, or to relocate

Used to express changing position or changing where you live

to reside or have your home in a place

Used to talk about where someone resides

to occur or take place

Used to talk about events that occur

to carry or take something to a place (brought)

Used to express carrying something toward the speaker or a place

to have and keep something in your hand or arms (held)

Used to express keeping something in your hands or arms

to cease moving or doing something

Used to express ceasing an action or movement

to telephone someone

Used to express contacting someone by phone

to cause something to go to a destination (sent)

Used to express causing something to go to a person or place

to no longer have something, or to be unable to find it (lost)

Used to express no longer having something

to give money in exchange for something (paid)

Used to express giving money for goods or services

to see and speak to someone for the first time, or by arrangement (met)

Used to express encountering someone or gathering together

to stay in a place or delay action until something happens

Used to express staying in place or delaying action

to make or become different, or to replace one thing with another

Used to express making or becoming different

to go or come after, or to obey instructions

Used to express going after someone or obeying instructions

to gain knowledge or skill through study or experience

Used to express gaining knowledge or a new skill

to comprehend the meaning of something (understood)

Used to express comprehending meaning or a situation

to be unable to remember something (forgot, forgotten)

Used to express failing to remember

to shut something, or to stop being open

Used to express shutting or ending access

to enjoy something or find it pleasant

Used to express enjoyment or preference

to have very strong feelings of affection, or to enjoy greatly

Used to express strong positive feelings or great enjoyment

to dislike something very strongly

Used to express strong dislike

to like one thing more than another

Used to express liking one thing more than another

to want something to happen and think it is possible

Used to express wanting something good to happen

to think that something is true or real

Used to express thinking something is true or real

to make a choice about something after thinking

Used to express making a choice

to have the same opinion or to say yes to something

Used to express having the same opinion or accepting a proposal

to use money to pay for something (spent)

Used to express using money to buy something

to pass time in a particular way or place

Used to express passing time doing something

to move quickly on foot, faster than walking (ran, run)

Used to express moving quickly on foot

to move on foot at a regular pace

Used to express moving on foot at a normal speed

to be in or move into a position where you rest on your bottom (sat)

Used to express being in or moving into a seated position

to be in or rise to an upright position on your feet (stood)

Used to express being in or moving into an upright position

to hold something and take it from one place to another

Used to express holding something while moving

to speak to someone or have a conversation

Used to express having a conversation or speaking

to communicate using words, or to know a language (spoke, spoken)

Used to express communicating verbally or knowing a language

to make something clear by describing it in detail

Used to express making something clear or easy to understand

to give attention to what you can hear

Used to express paying attention to sound

to look at and understand written words (read, read)

Used to express looking at and understanding written words

to produce words on paper or a screen (wrote, written)

Used to express putting words on paper or a screen

to damage something so it separates into pieces or stops working (broke, broken)

Used to express damaging something so it no longer works or is in pieces

to examine or look at something to make sure it is correct or safe

Used to express examining or verifying something

to fail to catch, reach, or be on time for something

Used to express failing to catch or be on time for something

to feel sad because someone or something is not with you

Used to express feeling sad about someone or something absent

to get pleasure from doing something

Used to express getting pleasure from something

to complete something or come to an end

Used to express completing or coming to the end of something

to do a job for money, or to function correctly

Used to express doing a job or functioning properly

to lift something from a surface, or to collect someone (in a vehicle)

Used to express lifting something from a surface or collecting someone

to try to find something or someone

Used to express trying to find something

to return something to the person it belongs to

Used to express returning something to its owner

to start a machine, light, or device so it is working

Used to express starting a device or machine

to stop a machine, light, or device so it is no longer working

Used to express stopping a device or machine

to take care of a person, animal, or thing

Used to express taking care of someone or something

to discover or learn new information

Used to express discovering information

to continue doing something or to happen

Used to express continuing to do something

to direct your eyes at something to see it

Used to direct attention with the eyes

to attempt or make an effort to do something

Used to express attempting to do something

to signify or have as a meaning (meant)

Used to ask about or explain the significance of something

to have or bring back a memory of something

Used to express recalling something from memory

to move something so it is no longer closed, or (of a place) to become available for use or business

Used to express making something accessible or not closed

to want something (polite form)

Polite way to express a want or request

to look at something for a period of time, especially something moving

Used to express looking at something that is moving or changing

to telephone/call someone (British English; American: call)

British English word for telephoning someone (counterpart to 'call'); past tense 'rang', past participle 'rung'.

gotten (American English; British: got)

American English past participle of 'get' (to obtain or to become).

learnt (British English; American: learned)

British English past tense and past participle of 'learn'.